Repair or Replace

Repair or Replace http://www.ultraseam.com/ Repair or ReplaceUnderstanding potential weaknesses of roofing material also requires knowledge of repair difficulties. Individual slates can be replaced normally without major disruption to the rest of the roof, but replacing flashing on a slate roof can require substantial removal of surrounding slates. If it is the substrate or a support material that has deteriorated, many surface materials such as slate or tile can be reused if handled care fully during the repair. Such problems should be evaluated at the outset of any project to determine if the roof can be effectively patched, or if it should be completely replaced.Will the repairs be effective? Maintenance costs tend to multiply once trouble starts. As the cost of labor escalates, repeated repairs could soon equal the cost of a new roof.The more durable the surface is initially, the easier it will be to maintain. Some roofing materials such as slate are expensive to install, but if top quality slate and flashing are used, it will last 40-60 years with minimal maintenance. Although the installation cost of the roof will be high, low maintenance needs will make the lifetime cost of the roof less expensive.

Typical Detail

Ultra Seam Typical Details. Check it Out. http://www.ultraseam.com/details.html

Panel Profiles

Ultra Seam Panel Profiles. http://www.ultraseam.com/profile.html

Warehouse Application

Warehouse Application Warehouse Application for Pre-Engineered Metal BuildingsA&S Building Systems, and it local authorized builders take a special pride in providing each customer that something extra. A&S Building Systems buildings are economical in appearance.The clear span designs will provide the immense unobstructed storage areas required in your warehousing needss. The multi-span structures provide economical storage space when interior columns are acceptable. The broad range of A&S Building Systems' warehouse design engineers can design the exact building to suit your required specifications by providing: unique widths, lengths, bay spacing, roof pitch and eave heights.A&S Building Systems excels in the satisfaction of space requirements in warehousing and distribtion projects. Let A&S Building Systems and ith authorized builder maximize your warehousing investment.Space EfficiencyVersatile DesignEconomical ConstructionPleasing ApperanceDurabilityhttp://www.ultraseam.com/

Construction Professionals

Our Construction Professionals team is the sensible way to construct low-rise office buildings. We combine a Ceco metal building system with local materials such as glass, masonry or EIFS to create the aesthetics you demand. Plus, the speed and economy of the systems approach, along with the discipline it imposes, help to insure your project will be completed on time and on budget. http://www.ultraseam.com/

Types of Metal Roofs: Shingles

Shingles and Tiles Metal roofs can also be made to resemble wood shakes, clay tiles, shingles, and Victorian metal tiles. To create the desired look, aluminum or coated steel can be pressed or formed into individual realistic shapes. Individual shingles or tiles work best when roofing a home that has curving roof planes or intricate roofs.Conversely, sheets of aluminum or pre-coated steel, approximately 4 feet in length, are pressed into modular panels through a stamping process creating the look of individual shingles, shakes, slates, or tiles. The benefit of this type of roofing is that it is designed for quick installation; installers only have to work with one larger piece as opposed to numerous smaller pieces. Available through regular distribution channels, modular panels are readily obtainable.In addition, metal sheets can also go through both processes -- roll forming and stamping. These panels receive roll-form elements, but also are stamped into consistent patterns on one large sheet.http://www.ultraseam.com/

Types of Metal Roofs: Galvanized Steel

Galvanized steel is the most common metal choice for a metal roof. The material is affordable and offers excellent structural capabilities. Plain steel is coated with a layer of hot-dipped commercially pure zinc to provide corrosion protection. Zinc is considered a sacrificial element and works well as a metallic coating. When the metal is cut or damaged, the zinc coating will protect that area from corrosion. Galvanized steel is warranted against corrosion for up to 20 years and offers excellent barrier protection. Galvanized metallic coatings are designated G-30, G-60, and G-90. This means that the weight of zinc on the steel is 30.-, 60.-, or 90-oz. per square foot, counting both the top and the bottom side of the sheet. The Metal Roofing Alliance recommends the use of only G-90 for roofing applications.Galvalume steel combines the metallic coatings of both aluminum and zinc. This combination joins the healing properties of zinc with the superior barrier protection of aluminum. Galvalume steel offers superior weathering properties and is used in various application weights, the most common being AZ-55. http://www.ultraseam.com/

Types of Metal Roofs: Aluminum

Aluminum is an affordable and extremely lightweight roofing material. It can be used either painted or unpainted; regardless, it will need a finish. Aluminum has a high coefficient of expansion, causing some thermal movement. Like steel, aluminum has a high strength-to-weight ratio. In addition, this material has excellent corrosion resistance and is ideal for coastal environments.http://www.ultraseam.com/

Types of Metal Roofs: Copper

Copper has a life expectancy measured in centuries; however, the material is very costly. Many will recognize copper roofs for the characteristic patina-green color that occurs when the copper oxidizes. Copper retains its original color when an acrylic layer is applied. Strong and very resistant to corrosion, copper is also easy to roll into sheets, but installation may be intricate.http://www.ultraseam.com/

Types of Metal Roofs: Zinc

Zinc offers exceptional corrosion resistance. Like copper, this material also changes color as it oxidizes, turning a bluish-white. Zinc is malleable, enabling the creation of many attractive individual shingles and tiles.http://www.ultraseam.com/

Types of Metal Roofs: Aluminum

Aluminum is an affordable and extremely lightweight roofing material. It can be used either painted or unpainted; regardless, it will need a finish. Aluminum has a high coefficient of expansion, causing some thermal movement. Like steel, aluminum has a high strength-to-weight ratio. In addition, this material has excellent corrosion resistance and is ideal for coastal environments.http://www.ultraseam.com/

Types of Metal Roofs

Standing SeamStanding-seam metal roofs have been popular for centuries. The term standing seam is used to describe any type of joinery that uses an upturned portion of the metal to connect adjacent metal sections. The joinery raises the seam above the drainage plane of the panel, creating its distinctive vertical lines. In the past, the original standing-seam roof involved only the 90-deg. adjacent metal upstands that could be single or double folded at the top. Today standing-seam joints are held together with a concealed clip, or cleat, at the seam. The clip involves a male and a female upstand that joins with or without seaming. Other versions of standing seam incorporate a nailing flange to the roof, which is then covered up by the next panel as it is snapped into place.http://www.ultraseam.com/

Roof/Wall Accessosries

Roof/Wall Accessosries Ceco has translucent panels for wall or roof use to match most panel configurations. These panels allow you to put natural light where you need it.The roof panels are manufactured from a polyester resin reinforced with a mesh of woven fiberglass cloth and chopped glass fibers. The wall panels are made similarly but without the woven fiberglass reinforcing.Translucent panel installation is very similar to steel panel installation since they corrugate with adjacent steel panels at both end laps and side laps. Also, translucent roof panels are available with the CLP and CXP standing seam roof.http://www.ultraseam.com/

Construction Professionals

Our Construction Professionals team is the sensible way to construct low-rise office buildings. We combine a Ceco metal building system with local materials such as glass, masonry or EIFS to create the aesthetics you demand. Plus, the speed and economy of the systems approach, along with the discipline it imposes, help to insure your project will be completed on time and on budget. http://www.ultraseam.com

Retail Application

Retail Application for Pre-Engineered Metal Buildings.
http://www.ultraseam.com

Solarguard Commerical:

Solarguard Commercial: Reflective Insualtion.What is Solarguard?Solarguard high performance reflective insulation consists of a 1/4" fiberglass core bonded to either two exterior layers of 99% pure aluminum or one layer of aluminum and one layer of durable white scrim-reinforced facing material.http://www.ultraseam.com/

Solarguard: Residential

Solarguard Residential:Improve Home Comfort with Solarguard.Nearly all homes have problems areas where comfort is compromised. Typical problem areas include rooms that are adjacent to unconditioned space such as an attic or rooms over crawl spaces or basements. Use Solarguard to correct these problems by blocking heat gain or loss.Solarguard is perfect for many residential applications. Use Solarguard alone when space constraints don't leave enough room effectively insulate with fiberglass, or in conjuction with other insulation products for maximum energy efficiency. Soalrguard is so versatile you'll want to keep it handy for use on every job.http://www.ultraseam.com/

Solarguard Agricultural:

Solarguard Agricultural:Solarguard reduces heat gain and improves confort. Solarguard can increase animal productivity and reduce animal mortality. Protect your investment, install Solarguard.http://www.ultraseam.com/

Benefits of Solarguard.

Benefits of Solarguard.Benefits of Solarguard:Reduces installation cost:Cost less to ship and store:Not effected by compression between purlins and roof sheets in metal and post frame buildings:Bird and rodent resistant:Ideal for residential applications both alone or in conjuction with fiberglass, for optimum total thermal performance:Fits nicely between purlins and roof sheets:No itchy fibers! Solarguard's high-performance fiberglasss core is encapsualted:Addresses all three modes of heat loss/gain: Radiation, Conduction and Convention:Superior Flame/Smoke ratings:Perfect for dozens of uses in residential construction:http://www.ultraseam.com/

Why Solarguard?

Why You Should Use Solarguard.According to research done at Pennsylvania State University, approximately 75% of total heat transfer in a building occurs through radiation. The foil in Solarguard can reflect 97% of radian energy striking it.http://www.ultraseam.com/

Types of Metal Roofs: Shingles

Shingles and Tiles Metal roofs can also be made to resemble wood shakes, clay tiles, shingles, and Victorian metal tiles. To create the desired look, aluminum or coated steel can be pressed or formed into individual realistic shapes. Individual shingles or tiles work best when roofing a home that has curving roof planes or intricate roofs.Conversely, sheets of aluminum or pre-coated steel, approximately 4 feet in length, are pressed into modular panels through a stamping process creating the look of individual shingles, shakes, slates, or tiles. The benefit of this type of roofing is that it is designed for quick installation; installers only have to work with one larger piece as opposed to numerous smaller pieces. Available through regular distribution channels, modular panels are readily obtainable.In addition, metal sheets can also go through both processes -- roll forming and stamping. These panels receive roll-form elements, but also are stamped into consistent patterns on one large sheet.http://www.ultraseam.com/

Types of Metal Roofs: Galvanized Steel

Galvanized steel is the most common metal choice for a metal roof. The material is affordable and offers excellent structural capabilities. Plain steel is coated with a layer of hot-dipped commercially pure zinc to provide corrosion protection. Zinc is considered a sacrificial element and works well as a metallic coating. When the metal is cut or damaged, the zinc coating will protect that area from corrosion. Galvanized steel is warranted against corrosion for up to 20 years and offers excellent barrier protection. Galvanized metallic coatings are designated G-30, G-60, and G-90. This means that the weight of zinc on the steel is 30.-, 60.-, or 90-oz. per square foot, counting both the top and the bottom side of the sheet. The Metal Roofing Alliance recommends the use of only G-90 for roofing applications.Galvalume steel combines the metallic coatings of both aluminum and zinc. This combination joins the healing properties of zinc with the superior barrier protection of aluminum. Galvalume steel offers superior weathering properties and is used in various application weights, the most common being AZ-55. http://www.ultraseam.com/

Types of Metal Roofs: Aluminum

Aluminum is an affordable and extremely lightweight roofing material. It can be used either painted or unpainted; regardless, it will need a finish. Aluminum has a high coefficient of expansion, causing some thermal movement. Like steel, aluminum has a high strength-to-weight ratio. In addition, this material has excellent corrosion resistance and is ideal for coastal environments.http://www.ultraseam.com/

Types of Metal Roofs: Copper

Copper has a life expectancy measured in centuries; however, the material is very costly. Many will recognize copper roofs for the characteristic patina-green color that occurs when the copper oxidizes. Copper retains its original color when an acrylic layer is applied. Strong and very resistant to corrosion, copper is also easy to roll into sheets, but installation may be intricate.http://www.ultraseam.com/

Types of Metal Roofs: Zinc

Zinc offers exceptional corrosion resistance. Like copper, this material also changes color as it oxidizes, turning a bluish-white. Zinc is malleable, enabling the creation of many attractive individual shingles and tiles.http://www.ultraseam.com/

Solarguard Commerical:

Solarguard: Reflective Insualtion.What is Solarguard?Solarguard high performance reflective insulation consists of a 1/4" fiberglass core bonded to either two exterior layers of 99% pure aluminum or one layer of aluminum and one layer of durable white scrim-reinforced facing material.http://www.ultraseam.com/

Solarguard: Residential

Solarguard Residential:Improve Home Comfort with Solarguard.Nearly all homes have problems areas where comfort is compromised. Typical problem areas include rooms that are adjacent to unconditioned space such as an attic or rooms over crawl spaces or basements. Use Solarguard to correct these problems by blocking heat gain or loss.Solarguard is perfect for many residential applications. Use Solarguard alone when space constraints don't leave enough room effectively insulate with fiberglass, or in conjuction with other insulation products for maximum energy efficiency. Soalrguard is so versatile you'll want to keep it handy for use on every job.http://www.ultraseam.com/

Solarguard Agricultural:

Solarguard Agricultural:Solarguard reduces heat gain and improves confort. Solarguard can increase animal productivity and reduce animal mortality. Protect your investment, install Solarguard.http://www.ultraseam.com/

Benefits of Solarguard.

Benefits of Solarguard.Benefits of Solarguard:Reduces installation cost:Cost less to ship and store:Not effected by compression between purlins and roof sheets in metal and post frame buildings:Bird and rodent resistant:Ideal for residential applications both alone or in conjuction with fiberglass, for optimum total thermal performance:Fits nicely between purlins and roof sheets:No itchy fibers! Solarguard's high-performance fiberglasss core is encapsualted:Addresses all three modes of heat loss/gain: Radiation, Conduction and Convention:Superior Flame/Smoke ratings:Perfect for dozens of uses in residential construction:http://www.ultraseam.com/

Why Solarguard?

Why You Should Use Solarguard.According to research done at Pennsylvania State University, approximately 75% of total heat transfer in a building occurs through radiation. The foil in Solarguard can reflect 97% of radian energy striking it.http://www.ultraseam.com/

Types of Metal Roofs: Galvanized Steel

Galvanized steel is the most common metal choice for a metal roof. The material is affordable and offers excellent structural capabilities. Plain steel is coated with a layer of hot-dipped commercially pure zinc to provide corrosion protection. Zinc is considered a sacrificial element and works well as a metallic coating. When the metal is cut or damaged, the zinc coating will protect that area from corrosion. Galvanized steel is warranted against corrosion for up to 20 years and offers excellent barrier protection. Galvanized metallic coatings are designated G-30, G-60, and G-90. This means that the weight of zinc on the steel is 30.-, 60.-, or 90-oz. per square foot, counting both the top and the bottom side of the sheet. The Metal Roofing Alliance recommends the use of only G-90 for roofing applications.Galvalume steel combines the metallic coatings of both aluminum and zinc. This combination joins the healing properties of zinc with the superior barrier protection of aluminum. Galvalume steel offers superior weathering properties and is used in various application weights, the most common being AZ-55. http://www.ultraseam.com/

Types of Metal Roofs: Aluminum

Aluminum is an affordable and extremely lightweight roofing material. It can be used either painted or unpainted; regardless, it will need a finish. Aluminum has a high coefficient of expansion, causing some thermal movement. Like steel, aluminum has a high strength-to-weight ratio. In addition, this material has excellent corrosion resistance and is ideal for coastal environments. http://www.ultraseam.com/

Types of Metal Roofs: Zinc

Zinc offers exceptional corrosion resistance. Like copper, this material also changes color as it oxidizes, turning a bluish-white. Zinc is malleable, enabling the creation of many attractive individual shingles and tiles. http://www.ultraseam.com/

Types of Metal Roofs: Copper

Copper has a life expectancy measured in centuries; however, the material is very costly. Many will recognize copper roofs for the characteristic patina-green color that occurs when the copper oxidizes. Copper retains its original color when an acrylic layer is applied. Strong and very resistant to corrosion, copper is also easy to roll into sheets, but installation may be intricate. http://www.ultraseam.com/

Significance of the Roof

Significance of the Roof: A weather-tight roof is basic in the preservation of a structure, regardless of its age, size, or design. In the system that allows a building to work as a shelter, the roof sheds the rain, shades from the sun, and buffers the weather.During some periods in the history of architecture, the roof imparts much of the architectural character. It defines the style and contributes to the building's aesthetics. The hipped roofs of Georgian architecture, the turrets of Queen Anne, the Mansard roofs, and the graceful slopes of the Shingle Style and Bungalow designs are examples of the use of roofing as a major design feature.But no matter how decorative the patterning or how compelling the form, the roof is a highly vulnerable element of a shelter that will inevitably fail. A poor roof will permit the accelerated deterioration of historic building materials-- masonry, wood, plaster, paint--and will cause general disintegration of the basic structure. Furthermore, there is an urgency involved in repairing a leaky roof since such repair costs will quickly become prohibitive. Although such action is desirable as soon as a failure is discovered, temporary patching methods should be carefully chosen to prevent inadvertent damage to sound or historic roofing materials and related features. Before any repair work is performed, the historic value of the materials used on the roof should be understood. Then a complete internal and external inspection of the roof should be planned to determine all the causes of failure and to identify the alternatives for repair or replacement of the roofing. http://www.ultraseam.com/

Benefits of Solarguard.

Benefits of Solarguard.Benefits of Solarguard:Reduces installation cost:Cost less to ship and store:Not effected by compression between purlins and roof sheets in metal and post frame buildings:Bird and rodent resistant:Ideal for residential applications both alone or in conjuction with fiberglass, for optimum total thermal performance:Fits nicely between purlins and roof sheets:No itchy fibers! Solarguard's high-performance fiberglasss core is encapsualted:Addresses all three modes of heat loss/gain: Radiation, Conduction and Convention:Superior Flame/Smoke ratings:Perfect for dozens of uses in residential construction:http://www.ultraseam.com/

Why Solarguard?

Why Solarguard?Why You Should Use Solarguard.According to research done at Pennsylvania State University, approximately 75% of total heat transfer in a building occurs through radiation. The foil in Solarguard can reflect 97% of radian energy striking it.http://www.ultraseam.com/

Solarguard: Agricultural

Solarguard Agricultural:Solarguard reduces heat gain and improves confort. Solarguard can increase animal productivity and reduce animal mortality. Protect your investment, install Solarguard.http://www.ultraseam.com/

Solarguard: Residential

Solarguard: ResidentialSolarguard Residential:Improve Home Comfort with Solarguard.Nearly all homes have problems areas where comfort is compromised. Typical problem areas include rooms that are adjacent to unconditioned space such as an attic or rooms over crawl spaces or basements. Use Solarguard to correct these problems by blocking heat gain or loss.Solarguard is perfect for many residential applications. Use Solarguard alone when space constraints don't leave enough room effectively insulate with fiberglass, or in conjuction with other insulation products for maximum energy efficiency. Soalrguard is so versatile you'll want to keep it handy for use on every job.http://www.ultraseam.com/

Solarguard: Commercial

Solarguard: Reflective Insualtion.What is Solarguard?Solarguard high performance reflective insulation consists of a 1/4" fiberglass core bonded to either two exterior layers of 99% pure aluminum or one layer of aluminum and one layer of durable white scrim-reinforced facing material.http://www.ultraseam.com/

Solarguard Commerical:

Solarguard: Reflective Insualtion.What is Solarguard?
Solarguard high performance reflective insulation consists of a 1/4" fiberglass core bonded to either two exterior layers of 99% pure aluminum or one layer of aluminum and one layer of durable white scrim-reinforced facing material.http://www.ultraseam.com/

Solarguard: Residential

Solarguard: Residential
Solarguard Residential:Improve Home Comfort with Solarguard.Nearly all homes have problems areas where comfort is compromised. Typical problem areas include rooms that are adjacent to unconditioned space such as an attic or rooms over crawl spaces or basements. Use Solarguard to correct these problems by blocking heat gain or loss.Solarguard is perfect for many residential applications. Use Solarguard alone when space constraints don't leave enough room effectively insulate with fiberglass, or in conjuction with other insulation products for maximum energy efficiency. Soalrguard is so versatile you'll want to keep it handy for use on every job.http://www.ultraseam.com/

Solarguard Agricultural:

Solarguard Agricultural:
Solarguard reduces heat gain and improves confort. Solarguard can increase animal productivity and reduce animal mortality. Protect your investment, install Solarguard.http://www.ultraseam.com/

Why Solarguard?

Why Solarguard?
Why You Should Use Solarguard.According to research done at Pennsylvania State University, approximately 75% of total heat transfer in a building occurs through radiation. The foil in Solarguard can reflect 97% of radian energy striking it.http://www.ultraseam.com/

Benefits of Solarguard.

Benefits of Solarguard.
Benefits of Solarguard:Reduces installation cost:Cost less to ship and store:Not effected by compression between purlins and roof sheets in metal and post frame buildings:Bird and rodent resistant:Ideal for residential applications both alone or in conjuction with fiberglass, for optimum total thermal performance:Fits nicely between purlins and roof sheets:No itchy fibers! Solarguard's high-performance fiberglasss core is encapsualted:Addresses all three modes of heat loss/gain: Radiation, Conduction and Convention:Superior Flame/Smoke ratings:Perfect for dozens of uses in residential construction:http://www.ultraseam.com/

Educational Application

Educational Application
In these days of reduced budgets, schools are turning to metal building construction as a cost-efficient alternative for new classroom facilities. A&S Building Systems manufactures school facilites with student in mind.Whether it is a classroom, gymnasium or a major sports complex, the A&S metal structure is designed and fabricated to last for years to come. A&S has done its homework to make sure that the project stays on target. With A&S Building Systems, L.P. you can expect.Quick project turnaround.Substantial cost savings.Standard or custom designs.Durable and weather tight construction.http://www.ultraseam.com/

Roof/Wall Accessosries

Roof/Wall Accessosries
Ceco has translucent panels for wall or roof use to match most panel configurations. These panels allow you to put natural light where you need it.The roof panels are manufactured from a polyester resin reinforced with a mesh of woven fiberglass cloth and chopped glass fibers. The wall panels are made similarly but without the woven fiberglass reinforcing.Translucent panel installation is very similar to steel panel installation since they corrugate with adjacent steel panels at both end laps and side laps. Also, translucent roof panels are available with the CLP and CXP standing seam roof.http://www.ultraseam.com/

Commercial Application

Commercial Application
Commercial Application for Pre-Engineered Metal Buildings.Commercial and retail facilities rely heavily on the appearance of their building to project a favorable image to their customers. A&S Building Systems pays strict attention to every detail, from roof slope to overhang designs, to make sure that each project is as aesthetically appealing as it is functional. With one of the many custom facades, the fact that the building is made of stell is beautifully desguised.Other advantages include:Choice of structural systems, from single slope to tapered beam and more.Excellent compatibility with collateral materials for a polished look.Reduced maintainance cost.Integrity of design that rivals ordinary construction at lower cost.http://www.ultraseam.com/

Warehouse Application

Warehouse Application
Warehouse Application for Pre-Engineered Metal BuildingsA&S Building Systems, and it local authorized builders take a special pride in providing each customer that something extra. A&S Building Systems buildings are economical in appearance.The clear span designs will provide the immense unobstructed storage areas required in your warehousing needss. The multi-span structures provide economical storage space when interior columns are acceptable. The broad range of A&S Building Systems' warehouse design engineers can design the exact building to suit your required specifications by providing: unique widths, lengths, bay spacing, roof pitch and eave heights.A&S Building Systems excels in the satisfaction of space requirements in warehousing and distribtion projects. Let A&S Building Systems and ith authorized builder maximize your warehousing investment.Space EfficiencyVersatile DesignEconomical ConstructionPleasing ApperanceDurabilityhttp://www.ultraseam.com/

Crane & Heavy Industrial Application

Crane & Heavy Industrial Application
Each metal building project designed to satisfy the requirements of a heavy industrial application, or materials movement demanding the use of crane systems, must adhere to stringent specifications by the building owner. A&S Building Systems offers state of the art computerized assisted design, coupled with professional engineers, that can offer the maximum design efficiencies for any complex project. Maximum design efficiency provides for the utmost utilization of building materials, competitive pricing and reduced construction time. Employment of the strong A&S Builder Organization brings one source responsibility to the building project.http://www.ultraseam.com/

Panel Profiles

Ultra Seam Panel Profiles. http://www.ultraseam.com/profile.html

Typical Detail

Ultra Seam Typical Details. Check it Out.
http://www.ultraseam.com/details.html

Kynar 500 finishes

Try our Kynar 500 finishes. http://www.ultraseam.com/finishes.html

Add a link

http://www.ultraseam.com/linkmachine/resources/resources.html Add a link to our Page.

Add a link

http://www.ultraseam.com/linkmachine/resources/resources.html Add a link to our Page.

Repair or Replace

Repair or Replace http://www.ultraseam.com
Repair or ReplaceUnderstanding potential weaknesses of roofing material also requires knowledge of repair difficulties. Individual slates can be replaced normally without major disruption to the rest of the roof, but replacing flashing on a slate roof can require substantial removal of surrounding slates. If it is the substrate or a support material that has deteriorated, many surface materials such as slate or tile can be reused if handled care fully during the repair. Such problems should be evaluated at the outset of any project to determine if the roof can be effectively patched, or if it should be completely replaced.Will the repairs be effective? Maintenance costs tend to multiply once trouble starts. As the cost of labor escalates, repeated repairs could soon equal the cost of a new roof.The more durable the surface is initially, the easier it will be to maintain. Some roofing materials such as slate are expensive to install, but if top quality slate and flashing are used, it will last 40-60 years with minimal maintenance. Although the installation cost of the roof will be high, low maintenance needs will make the lifetime cost of the roof less expensive.

Metal Roof Facts

Metal Roof FactsQ: What’s the low-down on sheet metal roofs? I’ve been watching the increased use of this material and I’m considering it for my house. Is there any greater risk of lightning strikes?A: Sheet metal roofs are growing in popularity for a couple of reasons. Besides the fact that they're now made in a great many colours and styles, metal roofs are also much more reliable than they used to be years ago. The key advance is the popularization of a weatherproof screw for securing the metal. Nowadays they have a neoprene washer under the head and these last much longer than the lead-headed nails that were used years ago. I've never heard of any increased risk of lightning strikes with metal roofs, though there are a couple of things you should consider before making your choice. The first is roof shape. If your home has a simple roof, then metal makes a lot of sense. It can get tricky, however, to install metal on a roof with many valleys and dormers because of the angled cuts required. Also, you should be aware that the limiting factor in metal roof lifespan is often the factory finish applied. While a metal roof might go on shedding water almost indefinitely, that doesn’t really matter if the finish starts deteriorating and your house looks terrible. Consider the warranty period offered on the finish as an indication of useful roof life.http://www.ultraseam.com

Ultra Seam

From the Artic to the Equator. Providing Long Lasting Protection for All Climates. http://www.ultraseam.com

From the Artic to the Equator. Providing Long Lasting Protection for All Climates. www.ultraseam.com

Significance of the Roof

Significance of the Roof Significance of the Roof:A weather-tight roof is basic in the preservation of a structure, regardless of its age, size, or design. In the system that allows a building to work as a shelter, the roof sheds the rain, shades from the sun, and buffers the weather.During some periods in the history of architecture, the roof imparts much of the architectural character. It defines the style and contributes to the building's aesthetics. The hipped roofs of Georgian architecture, the turrets of Queen Anne, the Mansard roofs, and the graceful slopes of the Shingle Style and Bungalow designs are examples of the use of roofing as a major design feature.But no matter how decorative the patterning or how compelling the form, the roof is a highly vulnerable element of a shelter that will inevitably fail. A poor roof will permit the accelerated deterioration of historic building materials-- masonry, wood, plaster, paint--and will cause general disintegration of the basic structure. Furthermore, there is an urgency involved in repairing a leaky roof since such repair costs will quickly become prohibitive. Although such action is desirable as soon as a failure is discovered, temporary patching methods should be carefully chosen to prevent inadvertent damage to sound or historic roofing materials and related features. Before any repair work is performed, the historic value of the materials used on the roof should be understood. Then a complete internal and external inspection of the roof should be planned to determine all the causes of failure and to identify the alternatives for repair or replacement of the roofing.http://www.ultraseam.com

List of Projects Completed

List of Projects Completed
Douglas County Courthouse: Douglasville, Ga.Architect Cooper, Gary and Associates.Domino's Pizza Headquarters-Ann Arbor MichiganArchitect: Gunnar,Birkerts and Assoc. Ann Arbor, Michigan "Worlds largest cooper roof"Jesse Stewart Elementary School-Madisonville, KentuckyArchitect: James Denton.Onyx Ice Arena- Rochester, MichiganArchitect: Rossetti & Associates.Hawaii State Convention Center:Architect: Wimberly, Allison, Tong Goo/Loschky, Marquardt Nesholm, J.V.Camp Perry Air National Guard Station-Port Clinton, Ohio.Lake Alford Middle School.Architect: Dainwood, Derryberry, & Pavelchak.Argent Bank-Houma, Louisana.Architect: Fournet and Fournet.3rd Brigade Barracks Complex- Fort Campbell, Kentucky.Architect: Corp of Engineers.Fort Benjamni Harrison-Indianapolis, Indiana.Architect:U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Louisville District.Maniilag Health Center-Kotzebue, Alaska.Architect: Livingston Slone, Inc.Resurrection of The Lord Catholic Church-Waipio, Hawaii.Architect: Oscar PaezHopkis County High School-Madisonville, Ky.Architect: James DentonHarrison High School-Evansville, IndianaArchitect: Ed HaferEast Greenbush Library-East Greenbush, New ork\Architects: Lepera & Associates.Bel Mar library-Lakewood, Colorado. Andrews and Anderson/D&D Monarch.Douglas County Courthouse-Douglasville, Ga.Architect: Cooper, Cary & Associates.Logan County Telephone Headquarters-Auburn, KentuckyArchitect:Gary Violet.Tie Breaker Park-Hopkinsville, Kentucky.Architect: State of Kentucky.Park Meadows Shopping Center-Littleton, Colorado.Architects: Anthony Belluschi.Delta High School-Junction, AlaskaArchitect:Design AlaskaSaint Gregory Church-Houma, LouisianasFirst Christian Church-Madisonville, KentuckyMolile District Corp of Engineers-Fort Stewart. Ga. http://www.ultrasseam.com

500 Kynar Colors

Home Profiles Details Finishes Projects Plant Locations Retrofit Contact us Ultra Seam Kynar 500® ColorsUltra Seam products are available with a premium polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) based coating system that provides exceptional color stability, chalk resistance, durability, abrasion resistance, and flexibility. Ultra Seam products are available in G-90 hot-dipped galvanized steel, galvalume, zincalume, aluminum, copper, zinc and stainless steel. Please reference the color chart below for available standard stock and premium stock colors. The colors shown are as accurate as the printing process allows, but will vary from finished product. For actual color samples, and information regarding special colors and finishes, please contact your nearest Ultra Seam representative. Environmentally Smart Colors - Designed Energy Efficient Solar White Stone White Sandstone Terra Cotta Patina Green Sierra Tan Slate Blue Dark Bronze Colonail Red Medium Bronze Regal White EverGreen Slate Gray Pacific Blue Burgundy Regal Red Ash Gray Hemlock Green Charcoal Gray Aged Copper Metallic Color *Silver Copper* Champagne* Pre-Weathered Galvalume®* Non-Painted CryliC Coated GalvaluMe Home Profiles Details Finishes Projects Plant Locations Retrofit Contact us Ultra Seam Kynar 500® ColorsUltra Seam products are available with a premium polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) based coating system that provides exceptional color stability, chalk resistance, durability, abrasion resistance, and flexibility. Ultra Seam products are available in G-90 hot-dipped galvanized steel, galvalume, zincalume, aluminum, copper, zinc and stainless steel. Please reference the color chart below for available standard stock and premium stock colors. The colors shown are as accurate as the printing process allows, but will vary from finished product. For actual color samples, and information regarding special colors and finishes, please contact your nearest Ultra Seam representative. Environmentally Smart Colors - Designed Energy Efficient Solar White Stone White Sandstone Terra Cotta Patina Green Sierra Tan Slate Blue Dark Bronze Colonail Red Medium Bronze Regal White EverGreen Slate Gray Pacific Blue Burgundy Regal Red Ash Gray Hemlock Green Charcoal Gray Aged Copper Metallic Color *Silver Copper* Champagne* Pre-Weathered Galvalume®* Non-Painted CryliC Coated GalvaluMe Traditional Non-Color Colors Matte Black Mansard Brown Regal Blue Teal Hartford Green Traditional Non-Color Colors Matte Black Mansard Brown Regal Blue Teal Hartford Green

Pictures of Our Lady and Peroria Projects Completed

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List of Projects Completed

Douglas County Courthouse: Douglasville, Ga. Architect Cooper, Gary and Associates. Domino's Pizza Headquarters-Ann Arbor Michigan Architect: Gunnar,Birkerts and Assoc. Ann Arbor, Michigan "Worlds largest cooper roof" Jesse Stewart Elementary School-Madisonville, Kentucky Architect: James Denton. Onyx Ice Arena- Rochester, Michigan Architect: Rossetti & Associates. Hawaii State Convention Center: Architect: Wimberly, Allison, Tong Goo/Loschky, Marquardt Nesholm, J.V. Camp Perry Air National Guard Station-Port Clinton, Ohio. Lake Alford Middle School. Architect: Dainwood, Derryberry, & Pavelchak. Argent Bank-Houma, Louisana. Architect: Fournet and Fournet. 3rd Brigade Barracks Complex- Fort Campbell, Kentucky. Architect: Corp of Engineers. Fort Benjamni Harrison-Indianapolis, Indiana. Architect:U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Louisville District. Maniilag Health Center-Kotzebue, Alaska. Architect: Livingston Slone, Inc. Resurrection of The Lord Catholic Church-Waipio, Hawaii. Architect: Oscar Paez Hopkis County High School-Madisonville, Ky. Architect: James Denton Harrison High School-Evansville, Indiana Architect: Ed Hafer East Greenbush Library-East Greenbush, New ork\ Architects: Lepera & Associates. Bel Mar library-Lakewood, Colorado. Andrews and Anderson/D&D Monarch. Douglas County Courthouse-Douglasville, Ga. Architect: Cooper, Cary & Associates. Logan County Telephone Headquarters-Auburn, Kentucky Architect:Gary Violet. Tie Breaker Park-Hopkinsville, Kentucky. Architect: State of Kentucky. Park Meadows Shopping Center-Littleton, Colorado. Architects: Anthony Belluschi. Delta High School-Junction, Alaska Architect:Design Alaska Saint Gregory Church-Houma, Louisianas First Christian Church-Madisonville, Kentucky Molile District Corp of Engineers-Fort Stewart. Ga.http://www.ultraseam.com

Significance of the Roof

Significance of the Roof
Significance of the RoofSignificance of the Roof:A weather-tight roof is basic in the preservation of a structure, regardless of its age, size, or design. In the system that allows a building to work as a shelter, the roof sheds the rain, shades from the sun, and buffers the weather.During some periods in the history of architecture, the roof imparts much of the architectural character. It defines the style and contributes to the building's aesthetics. The hipped roofs of Georgian architecture, the turrets of Queen Anne, the Mansard roofs, and the graceful slopes of the Shingle Style and Bungalow designs are examples of the use of roofing as a major design feature.But no matter how decorative the patterning or how compelling the form, the roof is a highly vulnerable element of a shelter that will inevitably fail. A poor roof will permit the accelerated deterioration of historic building materials-- masonry, wood, plaster, paint--and will cause general disintegration of the basic structure. Furthermore, there is an urgency involved in repairing a leaky roof since such repair costs will quickly become prohibitive. Although such action is desirable as soon as a failure is discovered, temporary patching methods should be carefully chosen to prevent inadvertent damage to sound or historic roofing materials and related features. Before any repair work is performed, the historic value of the materials used on the roof should be understood. Then a complete internal and external inspection of the roof should be planned to determine all the causes of failure and to identify the alternatives for repair or replacement of the roofing.

Pictures of Metal Roofs

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Pictures of Metal Roofs #2

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Types of Metal Roofs: Zinc

Zinc offers exceptional corrosion resistance. Like copper, this material also changes color as it oxidizes, turning a bluish-white. Zinc is malleable, enabling the creation of many attractive individual shingles and tiles.http://www.ultraseam.com

Types of Metal Roofs: Copper

Copper has a life expectancy measured in centuries; however, the material is very costly. Many will recognize copper roofs for the characteristic patina-green color that occurs when the copper oxidizes. Copper retains its original color when an acrylic layer is applied. Strong and very resistant to corrosion, copper is also easy to roll into sheets, but installation may be intricate.http://www.ultraseam.com

Types of Metal Roofs: Aluminum

Aluminum is an affordable and extremely lightweight roofing material. It can be used either painted or unpainted; regardless, it will need a finish. Aluminum has a high coefficient of expansion, causing some thermal movement. Like steel, aluminum has a high strength-to-weight ratio. In addition, this material has excellent corrosion resistance and is ideal for coastal environments.http://www.ultraseam.com

Types of Metal Roofs: Galvanized Steel

Galvanized steel is the most common metal choice for a metal roof. The material is affordable and offers excellent structural capabilities. Plain steel is coated with a layer of hot-dipped commercially pure zinc to provide corrosion protection. Zinc is considered a sacrificial element and works well as a metallic coating. When the metal is cut or damaged, the zinc coating will protect that area from corrosion. Galvanized steel is warranted against corrosion for up to 20 years and offers excellent barrier protection. Galvanized metallic coatings are designated G-30, G-60, and G-90. This means that the weight of zinc on the steel is 30.-, 60.-, or 90-oz. per square foot, counting both the top and the bottom side of the sheet. The Metal Roofing Alliance recommends the use of only G-90 for roofing applications.
Galvalume steel combines the metallic coatings of both aluminum and zinc. This combination joins the healing properties of zinc with the superior barrier protection of aluminum. Galvalume steel offers superior weathering properties and is used in various application weights, the most common being AZ-55. http://www.ultraseam.com

Types of Metal Roofs: Shingles

Shingles and Tiles Metal roofs can also be made to resemble wood shakes, clay tiles, shingles, and Victorian metal tiles. To create the desired look, aluminum or coated steel can be pressed or formed into individual realistic shapes. Individual shingles or tiles work best when roofing a home that has curving roof planes or intricate roofs.
Conversely, sheets of aluminum or pre-coated steel, approximately 4 feet in length, are pressed into modular panels through a stamping process creating the look of individual shingles, shakes, slates, or tiles. The benefit of this type of roofing is that it is designed for quick installation; installers only have to work with one larger piece as opposed to numerous smaller pieces. Available through regular distribution channels, modular panels are readily obtainable.
In addition, metal sheets can also go through both processes -- roll forming and stamping. These panels receive roll-form elements, but also are stamped into consistent patterns on one large sheet.http://www.ultraseam.com

Types of Metal Roofs

Standing SeamStanding-seam metal roofs have been popular for centuries. The term standing seam is used to describe any type of joinery that uses an upturned portion of the metal to connect adjacent metal sections. The joinery raises the seam above the drainage plane of the panel, creating its distinctive vertical lines.
In the past, the original standing-seam roof involved only the 90-deg. adjacent metal upstands that could be single or double folded at the top. Today standing-seam joints are held together with a concealed clip, or cleat, at the seam. The clip involves a male and a female upstand that joins with or without seaming. Other versions of standing seam incorporate a nailing flange to the roof, which is then covered up by the next panel as it is snapped into place.http://www.ultraseam.com

Pictures of Projects

Temporary Stabilization It may be necessary to carry out an immediate and temporary stabilization to prevent further deterioration until research can determine how the roof should be restored or rehabilitated, or until funding can be provided to do a proper job. A simple covering of exterior plywood or roll roofing might provide adequate protection, but any temporary covering should be applied with caution. One should be careful not to overload the roof structure, or to damage or destroy historic evidence or fabric that might be incorporated into a new roof at a later date. In this sense, repairs with caulking or bituminous patching compounds should be recognized as potentially harmful, since they are difficult to remove, and at their best, are very temporary.

Metal Roofing & Siding Systems

From the Artic to the Equator. Providing Long Lasting Protection for All Climates. www.ultraseam.com

List of Projects Completed

Douglas County Courthouse: Douglasville, Ga. Architect Cooper, Gary and Associates. Domino's Pizza Headquarters-Ann Arbor Michigan Architect: Gunnar,Birkerts and Assoc. Ann Arbor, Michigan "Worlds largest cooper roof" Jesse Stewart Elementary School-Madisonville, Kentucky Architect: James Denton. Onyx Ice Arena- Rochester, Michigan Architect: Rossetti & Associates. Hawaii State Convention Center: Architect: Wimberly, Allison, Tong Goo/Loschky, Marquardt Nesholm, J.V. Camp Perry Air National Guard Station-Port Clinton, Ohio. Lake Alford Middle School. Architect: Dainwood, Derryberry, & Pavelchak. Argent Bank-Houma, Louisana. Architect: Fournet and Fournet. 3rd Brigade Barracks Complex- Fort Campbell, Kentucky. Architect: Corp of Engineers. Fort Benjamni Harrison-Indianapolis, Indiana. Architect:U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Louisville District. Maniilag Health Center-Kotzebue, Alaska. Architect: Livingston Slone, Inc. Resurrection of The Lord Catholic Church-Waipio, Hawaii. Architect: Oscar Paez Hopkis County High School-Madisonville, Ky. Architect: James Denton Harrison High School-Evansville, Indiana Architect: Ed Hafer East Greenbush Library-East Greenbush, New ork\ Architects: Lepera & Associates. Bel Mar library-Lakewood, Colorado. Andrews and Anderson/D&D Monarch. Douglas County Courthouse-Douglasville, Ga. Architect: Cooper, Cary & Associates. Logan County Telephone Headquarters-Auburn, Kentucky Architect:Gary Violet. Tie Breaker Park-Hopkinsville, Kentucky. Architect: State of Kentucky. Park Meadows Shopping Center-Littleton, Colorado. Architects: Anthony Belluschi. Delta High School-Junction, Alaska Architect:Design Alaska Saint Gregory Church-Houma, Louisianas First Christian Church-Madisonville, Kentucky Molile District Corp of Engineers-Fort Stewart. Ga.

Significance of the Roof

Significance of the Roof Significance of the Roof:A weather-tight roof is basic in the preservation of a structure, regardless of its age, size, or design. In the system that allows a building to work as a shelter, the roof sheds the rain, shades from the sun, and buffers the weather.During some periods in the history of architecture, the roof imparts much of the architectural character. It defines the style and contributes to the building's aesthetics. The hipped roofs of Georgian architecture, the turrets of Queen Anne, the Mansard roofs, and the graceful slopes of the Shingle Style and Bungalow designs are examples of the use of roofing as a major design feature.But no matter how decorative the patterning or how compelling the form, the roof is a highly vulnerable element of a shelter that will inevitably fail. A poor roof will permit the accelerated deterioration of historic building materials-- masonry, wood, plaster, paint--and will cause general disintegration of the basic structure. Furthermore, there is an urgency involved in repairing a leaky roof since such repair costs will quickly become prohibitive. Although such action is desirable as soon as a failure is discovered, temporary patching methods should be carefully chosen to prevent inadvertent damage to sound or historic roofing materials and related features. Before any repair work is performed, the historic value of the materials used on the roof should be understood. Then a complete internal and external inspection of the roof should be planned to determine all the causes of failure and to identify the alternatives for repair or replacement of the roofing.

Metal Roof Facts

Metal Roof Facts Metal Roof FactsQ: What’s the low-down on sheet metal roofs? I’ve been watching the increased use of this material and I’m considering it for my house. Is there any greater risk of lightning strikes?A: Sheet metal roofs are growing in popularity for a couple of reasons. Besides the fact that they're now made in a great many colours and styles, metal roofs are also much more reliable than they used to be years ago. The key advance is the popularization of a weatherproof screw for securing the metal. Nowadays they have a neoprene washer under the head and these last much longer than the lead-headed nails that were used years ago. I've never heard of any increased risk of lightning strikes with metal roofs, though there are a couple of things you should consider before making your choice. The first is roof shape. If your home has a simple roof, then metal makes a lot of sense. It can get tricky, however, to install metal on a roof with many valleys and dormers because of the angled cuts required. Also, you should be aware that the limiting factor in metal roof lifespan is often the factory finish applied. While a metal roof might go on shedding water almost indefinitely, that doesn’t really matter if the finish starts deteriorating and your house looks terrible. Consider the warranty period offered on the finish as an indication of useful roof life

Replacing the Historic Roofing Material

Replacing the Historic Roofing Material
Replacing the Historic Roofing MaterialGood design and quality materials for the roof surface, fastenings, and flashing minimize failures. Photo: NPS files.Professional advice will be needed to assess the various aspects of replacing a historic roof. With some exceptions, most historic roofing materials are available today. If not, an architect or preservation group who has previously worked with the same type material may be able to recommend suppliers. Special roofing materials, such as tile or embossed metal shingles, can be produced by manufacturers of related products that are commonly used elsewhere, either on the exterior or interior of a structure. With some creative thinking and research, the historic materials usually can be found.Craft Practices: Determining the craft practices used in the installation of a historic roof is another major concern in roof restoration. Early builders took great pride in their work, and experience has shown that the " rustic" or irregular designs commercially labeled "Early American" are a 20th-century invention. For example, historically, wood shingles underwent several distinct operations in their manufacture including splitting by hand, and smoothing the surface with a draw knife. In modern nomenclature, the same item would be a "tapersplit" shingle which has been dressed. Unfortunately, the rustic appearance of today's commercially available "handsplit" and re-sawn shingle bears no resemblance to the handmade roofing materials used on early American buildings.Early craftsmen worked with a great deal of common sense; they understood their materials. For example they knew that wood shingles should be relatively narrow; shingles much wider than about 6" would split when walked on, or they may curl or crack from varying temperature and moisture. It is important to understand these aspects of craftsmanship, remembering that people wanted their roofs to be weather-tight and to last a long time. The recent use of "mother goose" shingles on historic structures is a gross underestimation of the early craftsman's skills.Supervision: Finding a modern craftsman to reproduce historic details may take some effort. It may even involve some special instruction to raise his understanding of certain historic craft practices. At the same time, it may be pointless (and expensive) to follow historic craft practices in any construction that will not be visible on the finished product. But if the roofing details are readily visible, their appearance should be based on architectural evidence or on historic prototypes. For instance, the spacing of the seams on a standing-seam metal roof will affect the building's overall scale and should therefore match the original dimensions of the seams.Many older roofing practices are no longer performed because of modern improvements. Research and review of specific detailing in the roof with the contractor before beginning the project is highly recommended. For example, one early craft practice was to finish the ridge of a wood shingle roof with a roof "comb"--that is, the top course of one slope of the roof was extended uniformly beyond the peak to shield the ridge, and to provide some weather protection for the raw horizontal edges of the shingles on the other slope. If the "comb" is known to have been the correct detail, it should be used. Though this method leaves the top course vulnerable to the weather, a disguised strip of flashing will strengthen this weak point.Detail drawings or a sample mockup will help ensure that the contractor or craftsman understands the scope and special requirements of the project. It should never be assumed that the modern carpenter, slater, sheet metal worker, or roofer will know all the historic details. Supervision is as important as any other stage of the process.

Historic Roofing Material in America: Metal

Historic Roofing Material in America: Metal
Galvanized sheet-metal shingles imitating the appearance of pantiles remained popular from the second half of the 19th century into the 20th century. Photo: NPS files.Metal: Metal roofing in America is principally a 19th-century phenomenon. Before then the only metals commonly used were lead and copper. For example, a lead roof covered "Rosewell," one of the grandest mansions in 18th century Virginia. But more often, lead was used for protective flashing. Lead, as well as copper, covered roof surfaces where wood, tile, or slate shingles were inappropriate because of the roof's pitch or shape.Copper with standing seams covered some of the more notable early American roofs including that of Christ Church (1727-1744) in Philadelphia. Flat-seamed copper was used on many domes and cupolas. The copper sheets were imported from England until the end of the 18th century when facilities for rolling sheet metal were developed in America.Sheet iron was first known to have been manufactured here by the Revolutionary War financier, Robert Morris, who had a rolling mill near Trenton, New Jersey. At his mill Morris produced the roof of his own Philadelphia mansion, which he started in 1794. The architect Benjamin H. Latrobe used sheet iron to replace the roof on Princeton's "Nassau Hall," which had been gutted by fire in 1802.The method for corrugating iron was originally patented in England in 1829. Corrugating stiffened the sheets, and allowed greater span over a lighter framework, as well as reduced installation time and labor. In 1834 the American architect William Strickland proposed corrugated iron to cover his design for the market place in Philadelphia.Galvanizing with zinc to protect the base metal from rust was developed in France in 1837. By the 1850s the material was used on post offices and customhouses, as well as on train sheds and factories. In 1857 one of the first metal roofs in the South was installed on the U.S. Mint in New Orleans. The Mint was thereby " fireproofed" with a 20-gauge galvanized, corrugated iron roof on iron trusses.Tin shingles, commonly embossed to imitate wod or tile, or with a decorative design, were popular as an inexpensive, textured roofing material. Photo: NPS files.Tin-plate iron, commonly called "tin roofing," was used extensively in Canada in the 18th century, but it was not as common in the United States until later. Thomas Jefferson was an early advocate of tin roofing, and he installed a standing-seam tin roof on "Monticello" (ca. 1770-1802). The Arch Street Meetinghouse (1804) in Philadelphia had tin shingles laid in a herringbone pattern on a "piazza" roof.However, once rolling mills were established in this country, the low cost, light weight, and low maintenance of tin plate made it the most common roofing material. Embossed tin shingles, whose surfaces created interesting patterns, were popular throughout the country in the late 19th century. Tin roofs were kept well-painted, usually red; or, as the architect A. J. Davis suggested, in a color to imitate the green patina of copper.Terne plate differed from tin plate in that the iron was dipped in an alloy of lead and tin, giving it a duller finish. Historic, as well as modern, documentation often confuses the two, so much that it is difficult to determine how often actual "terne" was used.Zinc came into use in the 1820s, at the same time tin plate was becoming popular. Although a less expensive substitute for lead, its advantages were controversial, and it was never widely used in this country.

Historic Roofing Material in America: Shingles

Historic Roofing Material in America: Shingles
Shingles: Wood shingles were popular throughout the country in all periods of building history. The size and shape of the shingles as well as the detailing of the shingle roof differed according to regional craft practices. People within particular regions developed preferences for the local species of wood that most suited their purposes. In New England and the Delaware Valley, white pine was frequently used: in the South, cypress and oak; in the far west, red cedar or redwood. Sometimes a protective coating was applied to increase the durability of the shingle such as a mixture of brick dust and fish oil, or a paint made of red iron oxide and linseed oil.Commonly in urban areas, wooden roofs were replaced with more fire resistant materials, but in rural areas this was not a major concern. On many Victorian country houses, the practice of wood shingling survived the technological advances of metal roofing in the 19th century, and near the turn of the century enjoyed a full revival in its namesake, the Shingle Style. Colonial revival and the Bungalow styles in the 20th century assured wood shingles a place as one of the most fashionable, domestic roofing materials.

Historic Roofing Material in America: Slate

Historic Roofing Material in America: Slate
Slate: Another practice settlers brought to the New World was slate roofing. Evidence of roofing slates have been found also among the ruins of mid-17th century Jamestown. But because of the cost and the time required to obtain the material, which was mostly imported from Wales, the use of slate was initially limited. Even in Philadelphia (the second largest city in the English-speaking world at the time of the Revolution) slates were so rare that "The Slate Roof House" distinctly referred to William Penn's home built late in the 1600s. Sources of native slate were known to exist along the eastern seaboard from Maine to Virginia, but difficulties in inland transportation limited its availability to the cities, and contributed to its expense. Welsh slate continued to be imported until the development of canals and railroads in the mid-19th century made American slate more accessible and economical.Slate was popular for its durability, fireproof qualities, and aesthetic potential. Because slate was available in different colors (red, green, purple, and blue-gray), it was an effective material for decorative patterns on many 19th century roofs (Gothic and Mansard styles). Slate continued to be used well into the 20th century, notably on many Tudor revival style buildings of the 1920s

Historic Roofing Material in America: Clay

Historic Roofing Material in America: Clay
Historic Roofing Materials in AmericaClay Tile: European settlers used clay tile for roofing as early as the mid-17th century; many pantiles (S-curved tiles), as well as flat roofing tiles, were used in Jamestown, Virginia. In some cities such as New York and Boston, clay was popularly used as a precaution against such fires as those that engulfed London in 1666 and scorched Boston in 1679.Repairs on this pantile roof were made with new tiles held in place with metal hangers. Photo: NPS files.Tiles roofs found in the mid-18th century Moravian settlements in Pennsylvania closely resembled those found in Germany. Typically, the tiles were 1415" long, 67" wide with a curved butt. A lug on the back allowed the tiles to hang on the lathing without nails or pegs. The tile surface was usually scored with finger marks to promote drainage. In the Southwest, the tile roofs of the Spanish missionaries (mission tiles) were first manufactured (ca. 1780) at the Mission San Antonio de Padua in California. These semicircular tiles were made by molding clay over sections of logs, and they were generally 22" long and tapered in width.

Historical Research

Historical Research
Historical ResearchIn a restoration project, research of documents and physical investigation of the building usually will establish the roof's history. Documentary research should include any original plans or building specifications, early insurance surveys, newspaper descriptions, or the personal papers and files of people who owned or were involved in the history of the building. Old photographs of the building might provide evidence of missing details.Along with a thorough understanding of any written history of the building, a physical investigation of the roofing and its structure may reveal information about the roof's construction history. Starting with an overall impression of the structure, are there any changes in the roof slope, its configuration, or roofing materials? Perhaps there are obvious patches or changes in patterning of exterior brickwork where a gable roof was changed to a gambrel, or where a whole upper story was added. Perhaps there are obvious stylistic changes in the roof line, dormers, or ornamentation. These observations could help one understand any important alteration, and could help establish the direction of further investigation.Because most roofs are physically out of the range of careful scrutiny, the "principle of least effort" has probably limited the extent and quality of previous patching or replacing, and usually considerable evidence of an earlier roof surface remains. Sometimes the older roof will be found as an underlayment of the current exposed roof. Original roofing may still be intact in awkward places under later features on a roof. Often if there is any unfinished attic space, remnants of roofing may have been dropped and left when the roof was being built or repaired. If the configuration of the roof has been changed, some of the original material might still be in place under the existing roof. Sometimes whole sections of the roof and roof framing will have been left intact under the higher roof. The profile and/or flashing of the earlier roof may be apparent on the interior of the walls at the level of the alteration. If the sheathing or lathing appears to have survived changes in the roofing surface, they may contain evidence of the roofing systems. These may appear either as dirt marks, which provide "shadows" of a roofing material, or as nails broken or driven down into the wood,.rather than pulled out during previous alterations or repairs. Wooden headers in the roof framing may indicate that earlier chimneys or skylights have been removed. Any metal ornamentation that might have existed may be indicated by anchors or unusual markings along the ridge or at other edges of the roof. This primary evidence is essential for a full understanding of the roof's history.Caution should be taken in dating early "fabric" on the evidence of a single item, as recycling of materials is not a mid-20th century innovation. Carpenters have been reusing materials, sheathing, and framing members in the interest of economy for centuries. Therefore, any analysis of the materials found, such as nails or sawmarks on the wood, requires an accurate knowledge of the history of local building practices before any final conclusion can be accurately reached. It is helpful to establish a sequence of construction history for the roof and roofing materials; any historic fabric or pertinent evidence in the roof should be photographed, measured, and recorded for future reference.During the repair work, useful evidence might unexpectedly appear. It is essential that records be kept of any type of work on a historic building, before, during, and after the project. Photographs are generally the easiest and fastest method, and should include overall views and details at the gutters, flashing, dormers, chimneys, valleys, ridges, and eaves. All photographs should be immediately labeled to insure accurate identification at a later date. Any patterning or design on the roofing deserves particular attention. For example, slate roofs are often decorative and have subtle changes in size, color, and texture, such as a gradually decreasing coursing length from the eave to the peak. If not carefully noted before a project begins, there may be problems in replacing the surface. The standard reference for this phase of the work is Recording Historic Buildings, compiled by Harley J. McKee for the Historic American Buildings Survey, National Park Service, Washington, D.C., 1970.

Metal Roof Facts

Metal Roof Facts
Metal Roof FactsQ: What’s the low-down on sheet metal roofs? I’ve been watching the increased use of this material and I’m considering it for my house. Is there any greater risk of lightning strikes?A: Sheet metal roofs are growing in popularity for a couple of reasons. Besides the fact that they're now made in a great many colours and styles, metal roofs are also much more reliable than they used to be years ago. The key advance is the popularization of a weatherproof screw for securing the metal. Nowadays they have a neoprene washer under the head and these last much longer than the lead-headed nails that were used years ago. I've never heard of any increased risk of lightning strikes with metal roofs, though there are a couple of things you should consider before making your choice. The first is roof shape. If your home has a simple roof, then metal makes a lot of sense. It can get tricky, however, to install metal on a roof with many valleys and dormers because of the angled cuts required. Also, you should be aware that the limiting factor in metal roof lifespan is often the factory finish applied. While a metal roof might go on shedding water almost indefinitely, that doesn’t really matter if the finish starts deteriorating and your house looks terrible. Consider the warranty period offered on the finish as an indication of useful roof life

Ultra Seam Typica Detail

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Significance of the Roof

Significance of the Roof
Significance of the Roof:A weather-tight roof is basic in the preservation of a structure, regardless of its age, size, or design. In the system that allows a building to work as a shelter, the roof sheds the rain, shades from the sun, and buffers the weather.During some periods in the history of architecture, the roof imparts much of the architectural character. It defines the style and contributes to the building's aesthetics. The hipped roofs of Georgian architecture, the turrets of Queen Anne, the Mansard roofs, and the graceful slopes of the Shingle Style and Bungalow designs are examples of the use of roofing as a major design feature.But no matter how decorative the patterning or how compelling the form, the roof is a highly vulnerable element of a shelter that will inevitably fail. A poor roof will permit the accelerated deterioration of historic building materials-- masonry, wood, plaster, paint--and will cause general disintegration of the basic structure. Furthermore, there is an urgency involved in repairing a leaky roof since such repair costs will quickly become prohibitive. Although such action is desirable as soon as a failure is discovered, temporary patching methods should be carefully chosen to prevent inadvertent damage to sound or historic roofing materials and related features. Before any repair work is performed, the historic value of the materials used on the roof should be understood. Then a complete internal and external inspection of the roof should be planned to determine all the causes of failure and to identify the alternatives for repair or replacement of the roofing.

List of Projects Completed

Douglas County Courthouse: Douglasville, Ga.
Architect Cooper, Gary and Associates.

Domino's Pizza Headquarters-Ann Arbor Michigan
Architect: Gunnar,Birkerts and Assoc. Ann Arbor, Michigan "Worlds largest cooper roof"

Jesse Stewart Elementary School-Madisonville, Kentucky
Architect: James Denton.

Onyx Ice Arena- Rochester, Michigan
Architect: Rossetti & Associates.

Hawaii State Convention Center:
Architect: Wimberly, Allison, Tong Goo/Loschky, Marquardt Nesholm, J.V.

Camp Perry Air National Guard Station-Port Clinton, Ohio.

Lake Alford Middle School.
Architect: Dainwood, Derryberry, & Pavelchak.

Argent Bank-Houma, Louisana.
Architect: Fournet and Fournet.

3rd Brigade Barracks Complex- Fort Campbell, Kentucky.
Architect: Corp of Engineers.

Fort Benjamni Harrison-Indianapolis, Indiana.
Architect:U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Louisville District.

Maniilag Health Center-Kotzebue, Alaska.
Architect: Livingston Slone, Inc.

Resurrection of The Lord Catholic Church-Waipio, Hawaii.
Architect: Oscar Paez

Hopkis County High School-Madisonville, Ky.
Architect: James Denton

Harrison High School-Evansville, Indiana
Architect: Ed Hafer

East Greenbush Library-East Greenbush, New ork\
Architects: Lepera & Associates.

Bel Mar library-Lakewood, Colorado. Andrews and Anderson/D&D Monarch.

Douglas County Courthouse-Douglasville, Ga.
Architect: Cooper, Cary & Associates.

Logan County Telephone Headquarters-Auburn, Kentucky
Architect:Gary Violet.

Tie Breaker Park-Hopkinsville, Kentucky.
Architect: State of Kentucky.

Park Meadows Shopping Center-Littleton, Colorado.
Architects: Anthony Belluschi.

Delta High School-Junction, Alaska
Architect:Design Alaska

Saint Gregory Church-Houma, Louisianas
First Christian Church-Madisonville, Kentucky
Molile District Corp of Engineers-Fort Stewart. Ga.

Metal Roofing & Siding Systems

From the Artic to the Equator.
Providing Long Lasting Protection for All Climates.
www.ultraseam.com

Temporary Stabilization

Temporary Stabilization
It may be necessary to carry out an immediate and temporary stabilization to prevent further deterioration until research can determine how the roof should be restored or rehabilitated, or until funding can be provided to do a proper job. A simple covering of exterior plywood or roll roofing might provide adequate protection, but any temporary covering should be applied with caution. One should be careful not to overload the roof structure, or to damage or destroy historic evidence or fabric that might be incorporated into a new roof at a later date. In this sense, repairs with caulking or bituminous patching compounds should be recognized as potentially harmful, since they are difficult to remove, and at their best, are very temporary.

Historic Roofing Material in America

Alternative Materials
The use of the historic roofing material on a structure may be restricted by building codes or by the availability of the materials, in which case an appropriate alternative will have to be found.
Some municipal building codes allow variances for roofing materials in historic districts. In other instances, individual variances may be obtained. Most modern heating and cooking is fueled by gas, electricity, or oil--none of which emit the hot embers that historically have been the cause of roof fires. Where wood burning fireplaces or stoves are used, spark arrestor screens at the top of the chimneys help to prevent flaming material from escaping, thus reducing the number of fires that start at the roof. In most states, insurance rates have been equalized to reflect revised considerations for the risks involved with various roofing materials.
In a rehabilitation project, there may be valid reasons for replacing the roof with a material other than the original. The historic roofing may no longer be available, or the cost of obtaining specially fabricated materials may be prohibitive. But the decision to use an alternative material should be weighed carefully against the primary concern to keep the historic character of the building. If the roof is flat and is not visible from any elevation of the building, and if there are advantages to substituting a modern built-up composition roof for what might have been a flat metal roof, then it may make better economic and construction sense to use a modern roofing method. But if the roof is readily visible, the alternative material should match as closely as possible the scale, texture, and coloration of the historic roofing material.
Asphalt shingles or ceramic tiles are common substitute materials intended to duplicate the appearance of wood shingles, slates, or tiles. Fire-retardant, treated wood shingles are currently available. The treated wood tends, however, to be brittle, and may require extra care (and expense) to install. In some instances, shingles laid with an interlay of fire-retardant building paper may be an acceptable alternative.
Lead-coated copper, terne-coated steel, and aluminum/ zinc-coated steel can successfully replace tin, terne plate, zinc, or lead. Copper-coated steel is a less expensive (and less durable) substitute for sheet copper.
The search for alternative roofing materials is not new. As early as the 18th century, fear of fire caused many wood shingle or board roofs to be replaced by sheet metal or clay tile. Some historic roofs were failures from the start, based on overambitious and naive use of materials as they were first developed. Research on a structure may reveal that an inadequately designed or a highly combustible roof was replaced early in its history, and therefore restoration of a later roof material would have a valid precedent. In some cities, the substitution of sheet metal on early row houses occurred as soon as the rolled material became available.
Cost and ease of maintenance may dictate the substitution of a material wholly different in appearance from the original. The practical problems (wind, weather, and roof pitch) should be weighed against the historical consideration of scale, texture, and color. Sometimes the effect of the alternative material will be minimal. But on roofs with a high degree of visibility and patterning or texture, the substitution may seriously alter the architectural character of the building.

Replacing the Historic Roofing Material

Replacing the Historic Roofing Material
Good design and quality materials for the roof surface, fastenings, and flashing minimize failures. Photo: NPS files.
Professional advice will be needed to assess the various aspects of replacing a historic roof. With some exceptions, most historic roofing materials are available today. If not, an architect or preservation group who has previously worked with the same type material may be able to recommend suppliers. Special roofing materials, such as tile or embossed metal shingles, can be produced by manufacturers of related products that are commonly used elsewhere, either on the exterior or interior of a structure. With some creative thinking and research, the historic materials usually can be found.
Craft Practices: Determining the craft practices used in the installation of a historic roof is another major concern in roof restoration. Early builders took great pride in their work, and experience has shown that the " rustic" or irregular designs commercially labeled "Early American" are a 20th-century invention. For example, historically, wood shingles underwent several distinct operations in their manufacture including splitting by hand, and smoothing the surface with a draw knife. In modern nomenclature, the same item would be a "tapersplit" shingle which has been dressed. Unfortunately, the rustic appearance of today's commercially available "handsplit" and re-sawn shingle bears no resemblance to the handmade roofing materials used on early American buildings.
Early craftsmen worked with a great deal of common sense; they understood their materials. For example they knew that wood shingles should be relatively narrow; shingles much wider than about 6" would split when walked on, or they may curl or crack from varying temperature and moisture. It is important to understand these aspects of craftsmanship, remembering that people wanted their roofs to be weather-tight and to last a long time. The recent use of "mother goose" shingles on historic structures is a gross underestimation of the early craftsman's skills.
Supervision: Finding a modern craftsman to reproduce historic details may take some effort. It may even involve some special instruction to raise his understanding of certain historic craft practices. At the same time, it may be pointless (and expensive) to follow historic craft practices in any construction that will not be visible on the finished product. But if the roofing details are readily visible, their appearance should be based on architectural evidence or on historic prototypes. For instance, the spacing of the seams on a standing-seam metal roof will affect the building's overall scale and should therefore match the original dimensions of the seams.
Many older roofing practices are no longer performed because of modern improvements. Research and review of specific detailing in the roof with the contractor before beginning the project is highly recommended. For example, one early craft practice was to finish the ridge of a wood shingle roof with a roof "comb"--that is, the top course of one slope of the roof was extended uniformly beyond the peak to shield the ridge, and to provide some weather protection for the raw horizontal edges of the shingles on the other slope. If the "comb" is known to have been the correct detail, it should be used. Though this method leaves the top course vulnerable to the weather, a disguised strip of flashing will strengthen this weak point.
Detail drawings or a sample mockup will help ensure that the contractor or craftsman understands the scope and special requirements of the project. It should never be assumed that the modern carpenter, slater, sheet metal worker, or roofer will know all the historic details. Supervision is as important as any other stage of the process.

Historical Research

Historical Research
In a restoration project, research of documents and physical investigation of the building usually will establish the roof's history. Documentary research should include any original plans or building specifications, early insurance surveys, newspaper descriptions, or the personal papers and files of people who owned or were involved in the history of the building. Old photographs of the building might provide evidence of missing details.
Along with a thorough understanding of any written history of the building, a physical investigation of the roofing and its structure may reveal information about the roof's construction history. Starting with an overall impression of the structure, are there any changes in the roof slope, its configuration, or roofing materials? Perhaps there are obvious patches or changes in patterning of exterior brickwork where a gable roof was changed to a gambrel, or where a whole upper story was added. Perhaps there are obvious stylistic changes in the roof line, dormers, or ornamentation. These observations could help one understand any important alteration, and could help establish the direction of further investigation.
Because most roofs are physically out of the range of careful scrutiny, the "principle of least effort" has probably limited the extent and quality of previous patching or replacing, and usually considerable evidence of an earlier roof surface remains. Sometimes the older roof will be found as an underlayment of the current exposed roof. Original roofing may still be intact in awkward places under later features on a roof. Often if there is any unfinished attic space, remnants of roofing may have been dropped and left when the roof was being built or repaired. If the configuration of the roof has been changed, some of the original material might still be in place under the existing roof. Sometimes whole sections of the roof and roof framing will have been left intact under the higher roof. The profile and/or flashing of the earlier roof may be apparent on the interior of the walls at the level of the alteration. If the sheathing or lathing appears to have survived changes in the roofing surface, they may contain evidence of the roofing systems. These may appear either as dirt marks, which provide "shadows" of a roofing material, or as nails broken or driven down into the wood,.rather than pulled out during previous alterations or repairs. Wooden headers in the roof framing may indicate that earlier chimneys or skylights have been removed. Any metal ornamentation that might have existed may be indicated by anchors or unusual markings along the ridge or at other edges of the roof. This primary evidence is essential for a full understanding of the roof's history.
Caution should be taken in dating early "fabric" on the evidence of a single item, as recycling of materials is not a mid-20th century innovation. Carpenters have been reusing materials, sheathing, and framing members in the interest of economy for centuries. Therefore, any analysis of the materials found, such as nails or sawmarks on the wood, requires an accurate knowledge of the history of local building practices before any final conclusion can be accurately reached. It is helpful to establish a sequence of construction history for the roof and roofing materials; any historic fabric or pertinent evidence in the roof should be photographed, measured, and recorded for future reference.
During the repair work, useful evidence might unexpectedly appear. It is essential that records be kept of any type of work on a historic building, before, during, and after the project. Photographs are generally the easiest and fastest method, and should include overall views and details at the gutters, flashing, dormers, chimneys, valleys, ridges, and eaves. All photographs should be immediately labeled to insure accurate identification at a later date. Any patterning or design on the roofing deserves particular attention. For example, slate roofs are often decorative and have subtle changes in size, color, and texture, such as a gradually decreasing coursing length from the eave to the peak. If not carefully noted before a project begins, there may be problems in replacing the surface. The standard reference for this phase of the work is Recording Historic Buildings, compiled by Harley J. McKee for the Historic American Buildings Survey, National Park Service, Washington, D.C., 1970.

Repair or Replace

Repair or Replace
Understanding potential weaknesses of roofing material also requires knowledge of repair difficulties. Individual slates can be replaced normally without major disruption to the rest of the roof, but replacing flashing on a slate roof can require substantial removal of surrounding slates. If it is the substrate or a support material that has deteriorated, many surface materials such as slate or tile can be reused if handled care fully during the repair. Such problems should be evaluated at the outset of any project to determine if the roof can be effectively patched, or if it should be completely replaced.
Will the repairs be effective? Maintenance costs tend to multiply once trouble starts. As the cost of labor escalates, repeated repairs could soon equal the cost of a new roof.
The more durable the surface is initially, the easier it will be to maintain. Some roofing materials such as slate are expensive to install, but if top quality slate and flashing are used, it will last 40-60 years with minimal maintenance. Although the installation cost of the roof will be high, low maintenance needs will make the lifetime cost of the roof less expensive.

Locating The Problem

Failures of Support Systems
Once the condition of the roofing material has been determined, the related features and support systems should be examined on the exterior and on the interior of the roof. The gutters and downspouts need periodic cleaning and maintenance since a variety of debris fill them, causing water to back up and seep under roofing units. Water will eventually cause fasteners, sheathing, and roofing structure to deteriorate. During winter, the daily freeze-thaw cycles can cause ice floes to develop under the roof surface. The pressure from these ice floes will dislodge the roofing material, especially slates, shingles, or tiles. Moreover, the buildup of ice dams above the gutters can trap enough moisture to rot the sheathing or the structural members.
Many large public buildings have built-in gutters set within the perimeter of the roof. The downspouts for these gutters may run within the walls of the building, or drainage may be through the roof surface or through a parapet to exterior downspouts. These systems can be effective if properly maintained; however, if the roof slope is inadequate for good runoff, or if the traps are allowed to clog, rainwater will form pools on the roof surface. Interior downspouts can collect debris and thus back up, perhaps leaking water into the surrounding walls. Exterior downspouts may fill with water, which in cold weather may freeze and crack the pipes. Conduits from the built-in gutter to the exterior downspout may also leak water into the surrounding roof structure or walls.
Failure of the flashing system is usually a major cause of roof deterioration. Flashing should be carefully inspected for failure caused by either poor workmanship, thermal stress, or metal deterioration (both of flashing material itself and of the fasteners). With many roofing materials, the replacement of flashing on an existing roof is a major operation, which may require taking up large sections of the roof surface. Therefore, the installation of top quality flashing material on a new or replaced roof should be a primary consideration. Remember, some roofing and flashing materials are not compatible.
Because of the roof's visibility, the slate detailing around the dormers is important to the character of this structure. Photo: NPS files.
Roof fasteners and clips should also be made of a material compatible with all other materials used, or coated to prevent rust. For example, the tannic acid in oak will corrode iron nails. Some roofs such as slate and sheet metals may fail if nailed too rigidly.
If the roof structure appears sound and nothing indicates recent movement, the area to be examined most closely is the roof substrate--the sheathing or the battens. The danger spots would be near the roof plates, under any exterior patches, at the intersections of the roof planes, or at vertical surfaces such as dormers. Water penetration, indicating a breach in the roofing surface or flashing, should be readily apparent, usually as a damp spot or stain. Probing with a small pen knife may reveal any rot which may indicate previously undetected damage to the roofing membrane. Insect infestation evident by small exit holes and frass (a sawdustlike debris) should also be noted. Condensation on the underside of the roofing is undesirable and indicates improper ventilation. Moisture will have an adverse effect on any roofing material; a good roof stays dry inside and out.